Blog Details
November 28, 2024

What is desensitization and how does it work?

Desensitization, also known as allergen immunotherapy, is a medical treatment that reduces allergic reactions over time by training the immune system to tolerate specific allergens. It’s particularly effective for individuals with severe allergies to pollen, dust mites, pet dander, insect stings, and some foods.

The process involves introducing small, controlled doses of the allergen into the body through injections, drops, or tablets. These doses are gradually increased over weeks or months, allowing the immune system to adjust without triggering a full-blown allergic reaction. This gradual exposure helps the body build tolerance, significantly reducing symptoms when exposed to the allergen in daily life.

The treatment is conducted in two phases: build-up and maintenance.

The build-up phase involves regular exposure to increasing doses of the allergen, while the maintenance phase sustains this exposure at a constant level. Treatment typically lasts three to five years for lasting benefits.

Desensitization works by reprogramming the immune system

Reducing the activity of allergen-specific IgE antibodies and increasing the production of blocking antibodies. It also shifts immune responses away from allergic pathways, offering long-term relief.

This treatment is ideal for those who do not respond well to medications or want to reduce their reliance on them. However, it should always be administered under the guidance of an allergist to ensure safety and effectiveness.